Risk factors associated with VRE

Demographic data

With the aim of evaluating behavior, attitudes and knowledge toward antibiotic usage, a questionnaire was administered to a total of 100 non-hospitalized individuals.

Table (4.12) lists some demographic and medical data for the study population.

Table (4.12): Demographic characteristics of the study subjects

Demographic characteristics (n=100)		%
Gender	Male Female	51 49
Age	<5 years 6-20 years 21-40 years 41-60 years >60 year	28 16 19 17 20
Level of education	Uneducated Pre school General University and high school	27 24 26 23
Occupation	Related to medicine Not related to medicine None	2 16 82
Most common location seeking care	Hospital Private clinic Traditional medicine Folkloric medicine prophet medicine No treatment	53 29 5 6 3 4
Previous hospital admission	No Yes without surgery Yes with surgery	49 36 15

From the table (4.13), 57 % of the study sample had used antibiotic, only 21% followed physicians instruction, 41 % indicated that they would ask a laboratory technician for advice about antibiotic use.  61% indicated that they would ask a pharmacist for advice about antibiotic use.

Most of them (44%) self-stopped medication without consultation, 36% decreased the dosage without consultation. Only 16% visited physician for follow up after taking antibiotics.

Sixty five percent of subjects always requested an antibiotics prescription when they suffered from flu-like symptoms, (54%) used antibiotic according to consultation from people other than their physician (friends, relatives).

Eighty one percent of subjects lacked knowledge antibiotic resistance whereas; 19% were concerned about antibiotic resistance.

Table (4.13): Behavior, attitudes and knowledge about antibiotic usage among non-hospitalized individuals

Behavior (n =100 )	%
Taking antibiotics Yes No	57 43
Would you follow the physicians directions about antibiotic use? Yes No	21 36
Would you stop without consultation? Yes No	44 13
Would you decreasing the dosage without consultation? Yes No	36 21
Would you visit physician for follow- up after taking antibiotics? Yes No	16 41
If ill with flu-like symptoms and the doctor does not prescribe antibiotics, do you take antibiotic? Yes No	65 35
Taking antibiotic according to other than physician (friends, relatives) consultation Yes No	54 46
Taking antibiotic according to laboratory consultation Yes No	41 59
Taking antibiotic according to pharmacist consultation Yes No	61 39
Do you aware of miss use of antibiotics lead to resistance species of bacteria? Yes No	19 81